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发布时间:2020年12月31日


ACCA LW 技术文章(2020年)

ICC introduces new international commercial terms

Relevant to LW (GLO)
This article discusses International Commercial Terms – or ‘Incoterms’ – which are often found in international trade contracts.

Bribery Act 2010
Relevant to LW (GLO) and LW (ENG)
Focusing on the Bribery Act 2010, this article considers the likely key role accountants will play in reviewing organisational risks relating to bribery, and implementing adequate procedures and controls.

Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986
Relevant to LW (ENG)
This article looks at the way in which the law tries to prevent unsuitable individuals from acting as company directors.

Criminal Finances Act 2017
Relevant to LW (ENG) and (GLO)
This article looks at the Criminal Finances Act 2017, which creates the new offence of corporate failure to prevent the facilitation of tax evasion in relation to UK taxes.

Key aspects of the law of contract and the tort of negligence
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (GLO)
The aim of this article is to set out some key aspects of contract and the tort of negligence using the following headings: the relationship between the parties; the nature of the obligation; causation and remoteness of damage; and the measure of damages. Contract and the tort of negligence arise in separate questions in LW (ENG), and the article identifies some key similarities and differences to help candidates avoid confusing these two areas in the exam.

The Money Laundering Regulations 2017
Relevant to LW (ENG) and (GLO)
This article looks at the changes introduced by the Money Laundering Regulations 2017.

The Supreme Court
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (GLO)
On 1 October 2009, the House of Lords was replaced by a new Supreme Court as the highest court within the English legal system.

Companies Act 2006 – part 1
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (GLO)
A focus on the aspects of the Companies Act 2006 that are important for LW (ENG) and LW (GLO) candidates to understand.

Companies Act 2006 – part 2
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (GLO)
The second of two articles on the Companies Act 2006 describes the new provisions of the Act as they relate to articles of association.

Damages
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (IRL) 
A focus on how the law of damages operates in respect of contract law.

The tort of negligence
Relevant to LW (ENG) and LW (IRL) 
This articles provides an explanation of the tort of negligence and the various elements that a claimant must prove in order for the defendant to be found negligent.

Formation of companies under the new Companies Act 2011
Also available as a podcast on iTunes
Relevant to LW (LSO) 
The law relating to companies in Lesotho used to be very similar to the old English Companies Act 1948. However, this is no longer so, and Lesotho now has a new Companies Act (CA) 2011. This article discusses how the companies are incorporated under the CA 2011.

Promoters
Relevant to LW (LSO) 
This article focuses on Section D4a) of the LW (LSO) study guide – ‘Explain the role and duties of company promoters, and the breach of those duties and remedies available to the company’.

Malaysian Companies Act 2016: an overview
Relevant to LW (MYS)
The Companies Act 2016 (CA 2016) repealed the Companies Act 1965 (CA 1965) and changed the landscape of company law in Malaysia. The CA 2016 reformed almost all aspects of company law in Malaysia. This article will provide an overview of the CA 2016.

Changes in Singapore company law
Relevant to LW (SGP)
An outline of the recent review of Singapore company law and regulatory framework.

Elements of corruption in Singapore
Relevant to LW (SGP)
Singapore takes a tough stance against corruption. The Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) Cap 241 is the primary anti-corruption legislation in Singapore. The PCA provides the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) extensive powers to investigate corruption. The key provisions which create the offence of corruption are found in Section 5 and 6 of the PCA.

Restraint of trade in Singapore
Also available as a podcast on iTunes
Relevant to LW (SGP)
The law in Singapore concerning restraint of trade is governed by case law rather than legislation. Restraint of trade clauses are commonly found in different kinds of contracts – for example, employment contracts and sale of business contracts. The focus of this article is on restraint of trade clauses in employment contracts.

Spandeck vs DSTA
Relevant to LW (SGP)
This article focuses on the impact of the case of Spandeck Engineering (S) Pte Ltd v Defence Science & Technology Agency (DSTA) (‘Spandeck’) on the law of negligence in Singapore.

Understanding corporate capacity
Relevant to LW (SGP)
A look at the doctrine of ultra vires in terms of determining whether a transaction entered into by a company is valid.

Unfair preference by companies
Relevant to LW (SGP)
Why an insolvent company should not favour one creditor over another.

The South African social and ethics committee
Relevant to LW (ZAF)
This article discusses the social and ethics committee (SEC), which is applicable to certain companies in terms of the South African Companies Act (CA) 2008. This is especially important in the context of Syllabus Area F (1) – Management, administration and regulation of companies and close corporations (company directors).

Business rescue proceedings
Also available as a podcast on iTunes
Relevant to LW (ZAF)
The business rescue provisions are some of the most important new provisions brought about by South Africa’s Companies Act (CA) 2008 applying to companies and close corporations. This article provides a brief overview of the meaning of business rescue, the legal consequences of business rescue proceedings and the role of the business rescue practitioner.

Business rescue proceedings in South Africa
Relevant to LW (ZAF)
This article considers the meaning of business rescue and provides some recent interesting cases on business rescue proceedings.

ACCA LW 技术文章(2019年)

ICC introduces new international commercial terms Relevant to LW-GLO This article discusses International Commercial Terms – or ‘Incoterms’ – which are often found in international trade contracts.

Bribery Act 2010 Relevant to LW-GLO and LW-ENG Focusing on the Bribery Act 2010, this article considers the likely key role accountants will play in reviewing organisational risks relating to bribery, and implementing adequate procedures and controls.

Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986 Relevant to LW-ENG This article looks at the way in which the law tries to prevent unsuitable individuals from acting as company directors.

Key aspects of the law of contract and the tort of negligence Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-GLOThe aim of this article is to set out some key aspects of contract and the tort of negligence using the following headings: the relationship between the parties; the nature of the obligation; causation and remoteness of damage; and the measure of damages. Contract and the tort of negligence arise in separate questions in LW-ENG, and the article identifies some key similarities and differences to help candidates avoid confusing these two areas in the exam.

The Supreme Court Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-GLO On 1 October 2009, the House of Lords was replaced by a new Supreme Court as the highest court within the English legal system.

Companies Act 2006 – part 1 Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-GLO A focus on the aspects of the Companies Act 2006 that are important for LW-ENG and LW-GLO candidates to understand.

Companies Act 2006 – part 2 Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-GLO The second of two articles on the Companies Act 2006 describes the new provisions of the Act as they relate to articles of association.

Damages Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-IRL  A focus on how the law of damages operates in respect of contract law.

The tort of negligence Relevant to LW-ENG and LW-IRL  This articles provides an explanation of the tort of negligence and the various elements that a claimant must prove in order for the defendant to be found negligent.

Formation of companies under the new Companies Act 2011 Also available as a podcast on iTunes Relevant to LW-LSO  The law relating to companies in Lesotho used to be very similar to the old English Companies Act 1948. However, this is no longer so, and Lesotho now has a new Companies Act (CA) 2011. This article discusses how the companies are incorporated under the CA 2011.

Promoters Relevant to LW-LSO  This article focuses on Section D4a) of the LW-LSO study guide – ‘Explain the role and duties of company promoters, and the breach of those duties and remedies available to the company’.

Malaysian Companies Act 2016: an overview Relevant to LW-MYS The Companies Act 2016 (CA 2016) repealed the Companies Act 1965 (CA 1965) and changed the landscape of company law in Malaysia. The CA 2016 reformed almost all aspects of company law in Malaysia. This article will provide an overview of the CA 2016.

Changes in Singapore company law Relevant to LW-SGP An outline of the recent review of Singapore company law and regulatory framework.

Elements of corruption in Singapore Relevant to LW-SGP Singapore takes a tough stance against corruption. The Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) Cap 241 is the primary anti-corruption legislation in Singapore. The PCA provides the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) extensive powers to investigate corruption. The key provisions which create the offence of corruption are found in Section 5 and 6 of the PCA.

Restraint of trade in Singapore Also available as a podcast on iTunes Relevant to LW-SGP The law in Singapore concerning restraint of trade is governed by case law rather than legislation. Restraint of trade clauses are commonly found in different kinds of contracts – for example, employment contracts and sale of business contracts. The focus of this article is on restraint of trade clauses in employment contracts.

Spandeck vs DSTA Relevant to LW-SGP This article focuses on the impact of the case of Spandeck Engineering (S) Pte Ltd v Defence Science & Technology Agency (DSTA) (‘Spandeck’) on the law of negligence in Singapore.

Understanding corporate capacity Relevant to LW-SGP A look at the doctrine of ultra vires in terms of determining whether a transaction entered into by a company is valid.

Unfair preference by companies Relevant to LW-SGP Why an insolvent company should not favour one creditor over another.

The South African social and ethics committee Relevant to LW-ZAF This article discusses the social and ethics committee (SEC), which is applicable to certain companies in terms of the South African Companies Act (CA) 2008. This is especially important in the context of Syllabus Area F (1) – Management, administration and regulation of companies and close corporations (company directors).

Business rescue proceedings Also available as a podcast on iTunes Relevant to LW-ZAF The business rescue provisions are some of the most important new provisions brought about by South Africa’s Companies Act (CA) 2008 applying to companies and close corporations. This article provides a brief overview of the meaning of business rescue, the legal consequences of business rescue proceedings and the role of the business rescue practitioner.

Business rescue proceedings in South Africa Relevant to LW-ZAF This article considers the meaning of business rescue and provides some recent interesting cases on business rescue proceedings.

ACCA LW 技术文章

Elements of corruption in singapore
(Written by a member of the F4 examining team,Last updated: 1 Aug 2016)

Promoters
(Written by a member of the F4 examining team,Last updated: 20 Jun 2016)

The South African social and ethics committee
(Written by a member of the F4 examining team,Last updated: 22 Jun 2016)

Formation of companies under the new Companies Act 2011
(Written by a member of the Pper F4(LSO) examining team,Last updated: 24 Mar 2016)

Business rescue proceedings
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Key aspects of the law of contract and the tort of negligence
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Restraint of trade in Singapore
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 29 Jul 2016)

ICC intioduces new international commercial terms
(Written by a member of the Paper F4examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Bribery Act 2010
(Sally McQueen is ACCA examinations content manager,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Pledge-recent changs in Russian legislation
(Dr Anna Shashkova is a visiting lecturer at ATC in Russia,professor of law at the Moscoe State University for international Relations(MGIMO),and lawyer of the Moscow Region Bar Association,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Spandeck vs DSTA
(kIT Wye Lin-Lum is a teaching fellow at Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technologicial University,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Damages 
(Dave Halford is course design specialist and tutor at BPP Professional Education,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

The Superme Court
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

The tort of negligence
(Stephen Osborne is a technical author at BPP Learning Media,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Understanding corporate capacity
(Pearlie Koh Ming Choo is associate professor at Singapore Management University,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Companies Act 2006 – part 1
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Companies Act 2006 – part 2
(Written by a member of the Paper F4 examining team,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986
(David Kelly is examining for Paper F4,Last updated: 17 Feb 2016)

Changes in Singapore company law
Low Kee Yang is the exminer for Paper 2.2(SGP),Last updated: 17 Feb 2016

Unfair preference by companies
Dr Low Kee Yang is Examiner for Paper2.2(SGP),Last updated: 17 Feb 2016

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